A conceptual framework for the transition of the human factor toward Artificial Intelligence in information operations: the Colombian context
Abstract
Strategic intelligence in Colombia is in a process of transformation marked by the progressive incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in information operations. This article analyzes the strategic impacts, risks, and opportunities generated by this transition, based on a qualitative-documentary approach supported by academic literature, international doctrine, and case studies, particularly the Jaque and Fénix operations. The results show that AI strengthens the state's capacity to process massive information, detect hidden patterns, and anticipate emerging threats in hybrid scenarios where cyberspace, informational warfare, and the influence of non-state actors converge. However, it also presents significant risks: technological dependence on foreign providers, algorithmic manipulation, the displacement of human judgment, and ethical challenges related to responsibility in critical decisions.
Likewise, the study emphasizes that, at the regional level, the integration of public policies guided by transparency, accountability, and social trust is essential to ensure that AI contributes to strengthening national security and does not become a source of vulnerability. In conclusion, the research shows that AI should be understood as a complement and not as a replacement for the human factor, since its true value lies in multiplying the effectiveness of expert judgment under clear regulatory frameworks and ethical principles that support the legitimacy of defense in Colombia.
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